Titanium dioxide (TiO₂), Cu-doped TiO₂, N-doped TiO₂ and Cu-N co-doped TiO₂ nanomaterials were successfully synthesized using sol-gel method and investigated for their structural, morphological, compositional and photocatalytic activity. The synthesized materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). XRD analysis confirmed the crystalline nature of the prepared TiO₂-based nanoparticles and revealed the formation of mixed phase of TiO₂ crystalline. The average crystallite size of co-doped nanomaterial, estimated from the XRD data using the Scherrer equation was approximately 9.25 nm. SEM analysis showed the formation of nanosized particles with relatively homogeneous morphology, although some degree of particle agglomeration was observed. EDX analysis confirmed the presence of the titanium and oxygen in the prepared TiO₂ samples and verified the purity of the synthesized materials. The photocatalytic performance of the prepared samples was evaluated through the degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye under UV irradiation. Among the investigated materials, the pristine TiO₂ exhibited highest photocatalytic degradation efficiency (91.30%) under 30 min UV light irradiation.

Keywords: Sol-Gel; Photocatalytic Material; Cu-Doped TiO₂; N-Doped TiO₂; UV Irradiation;